|
英文文摘要求
对于科技期刊的文摘,文摘主要由3部分组成,即::研究的问题、过程和方法、结果。一篇文摘最长不要超过1500个字符(150英文字).少数情况下允许例外,视原始文献而定。应尽量简洁。
1
缩短文摘的方法:
(1) 取消不必要的字句;
如“It is reported …”、“Extensive investigation show that…”、“The
author discusses…”、“This paper concerned with…”;
文摘开头的“In this paper,”一些不必要的修饰词,如“in
detail”、“briefly”、“here”、“new”、“mainly”也尽量不要。
(2) 对物理单位及一些通用词可以适当简化;
(3) 尽量简化一些措辞和重复的单元;
|
不用 |
而用 |
|
at a temperature of at 250℃~300℃
|
250℃~300℃ |
|
at a high temperature at 2000 psig |
of 2000 psig |
|
at a high temperature at 1500℃ |
of 1500℃ |
|
discussed and studied discussed |
in detail |
(4)文摘第一句应避免与题目重复。
2
文体风格
(1) 文摘叙述要完整,清楚,简明;
(2) 尽量用短句子并避免句型单调;
(3) 用过去时态叙述作者工作,用现在时态叙述作者结论;
如:“The structure of dislocation cores in Gap was investigated
by weak-beam electron microscopy. The dislocation are dissociated into two
Shokley partials with separations of 80+10 and 40+10 A in the pure edge
and screw cases respectively. The results show that…”
(4) 能用名词(少用of句)做定语的不要用动名词做,能用形容词作定语的就不要用名词做定语;
例如:用measurement accuracy 不用measuring accuracy
用experimental results 不用experiment results
用measurement accuracy 不用accuracy of measurement
用camera curtain shutter 不用curtain shutter of camera
用equipment structure 不用structure of equipment
(5) 可用动词的情况尽量避免用动词的名词形式;
例如:用Thickness of plastic sheets was measured.
不用Measurement of thickness of plastic sheet was made.
(6) 主义冠词用法,不要误用,滥用或随便省略;
(7) 避免使用一长串形容词或名词来修饰名词,可以分成几个前置短语,用连字符连接;
如:用The chlorine-containing propylene-based polymer of high
meld index.
代替The chlorine containing high melt index propylene based
polymer.
(8) 尽量用主动语态代替被动语态;
(9) 尽量用简短、词义清楚并为人熟知的词;
(10) 慎用行话和俗语;
(11) 文词要纯朴,不用多姿多彩的文学性描述手法;
(12) 动词尽量靠近名词;
不用The decolorization in solutions of the pigment in dioxane ,
which were exposed to 10 hr of UV irradiation, was no longer irreversible.
而用When the pigment was dissolved in dioxane, decolorization was
irreversible after 10 hr of UV irradistion.
(13) 文摘词语拼写,用英美拼写都可,但每篇文章必须统一;
(14) 删繁从简;
如用increased代替has been found to increase
用the results show 代替 form the experimental results, it can be
concluded that.
3
其他几点注意事项:
(1) 不用home made 表示“国产”这个概念,home made 实际上表示的是“家庭制造”;
(2) 如不会引起误解,可数名词尽量用复数;
(3) 不要简单地逐字直译。例如,不要将because放在句首表达“因为”这一感念,because表示原因语气用在文摘中过强。不要用“XX are
analyzed and studied(discussed)”来直译“分析研究(讨论)”这一中文概念,用and就行了。
4
文摘中的特殊字符
尽量少用特殊字符及由特殊字符组成的数字表达式。
5
缩写字及首字母缩写词
大众熟悉的缩写词可直接使用,如CAD、radar、laser等可直接使用。仅为同行所熟悉的缩词应在题目、文摘或关键词中至少出现一次全称。
(附: 英文项标题最多300字符(指示字段),标题、副标题之间用冒号隔开。)
|